List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Cornell University

The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine.[1] They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. Another prize, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributors to the field of economics.[2] Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace.[3] Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a cash prize that has varied throughout the years.[2] In 1901, the winners of the first Nobel Prizes were given 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. In 2008, the winners were awarded a prize amount of 10,000,000 SEK.[4] The awards are presented in Stockholm in an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.[5]

As of 2009, there have been 41 Nobel laureates affiliated with Cornell University, including 13 Cornell alumni (laureates who attended the university as undergraduate or graduate students) and 28 members of the faculty.[6] The Nobel Prize categories of Physics and Physiology or Medicine each account for twelve awards to Cornell-affiliated laureates. People affiliated with Cornell also have received eight Nobel Prize awards for Chemistry, four for Literature, three for Economics, and two Nobel Peace Prizes.[6]

Laureates

Year Image Laureate Relation Category Rationale
1936 Debye, PeterPeter Debye
 1940-1952, Professor of Chemistry,Professor of Chemistry, 1940-1952 Chemistry "for his contributions to the study of molecular structure," primarily referring to his work on dipole moments and X-ray diffraction
1938 Buck, Pearl S.Pearl S. Buck
 1925, M.A.,M.A., 1925
 Literature "for her rich and truly epic descriptions of peasant life in China and for her biographical masterpieces"[7]
1944 Gasser, Herbert SpencerHerbert Spencer Gasser
 1931–1934, Cornell Medical College facultyCornell Medical College faculty 1931–1934 Physiology or Medicine
1944 Rabi, Isidor IsaacIsidor Isaac Rabi
 1919, B.Chem.B.Chem. 1919

Graduate study 1921-23 (transferred)

 Physics "for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei"[8]
1946 Mott, JohnJohn Mott

Co-recipient with Emily Greene Balch

 1888 - Philosophy, B.S.B.S. 1888 - Philosophy
 Peace "Chairman, International Missionary Council; President, World Alliance of Young Men's Christian Associations"[9]
1946 Muller, Hermann JosephHermann Joseph Muller
 Cornell graduate student 1911–1912 Physiology or Medicine
1946 Sumner, James B.James B. Sumner
 Professor of Biochemistry/Nutrition 1929–1955; took emeritus status in 1955 Chemistry
1953 Lipmann, Fritz AlbertFritz Albert Lipmann
 1939–1941, Research Associate, Cornell Medical CollegeResearch Associate, Cornell Medical College 1939–1941 Physiology or Medicine
1955 Vigneaud, Vincent duVincent du Vigneaud
 Chemistry
1958 Beadle, George WellsGeorge Wells Beadle

Co-recipient with Edward Tatum and Joshua Lederberg

 1931, Ph.D.,Ph.D., 1931 Physiology or Medicine "for their discovery that genes act by regulating definite chemical events"[10]
1960 Medawar, PeterPeter Medawar
 Physiology or Medicine
1965 Feynman, RichardRichard Feynman
 1945-1950, Professor of Physics,Professor of Physics, 1945-1950 Physics “their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles”
1967 Bethe, HansHans Bethe
 1935-2005, Professor of Physics,Professor of Physics, 1935-2005 Physics
1967 Eigen, ManfredManfred Eigen
 Chemistry
1967 Hartline, Haldan KefferHaldan Keffer Hartline
 Physiology or Medicine
1968 Holley, Robert W.Robert W. Holley

Co-recipient with H. Gobind Khorana and Marshall W. Nirenberg

 1946, Ph.D.,Ph.D., 1946
Professor of Organic Chemistry, 1948-1966		 Physiology or Medicine "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis"[11]
1968 Khorana, Har GobindHar Gobind Khorana
 Physiology or Medicine
1970 Alfvén, HannesHannes Alfvén
 Physics
1970 Borlaug, NormanNorman Borlaug
 Peace
1972 Schrieffer, John RobertJohn Robert Schrieffer
 Physics
1974 Flory, PaulPaul Flory
 Chemistry
1979 Glashow, SheldonSheldon Glashow

Co-recipient with Abdus Salam and Steven Weinberg

 1954, B.A.,B.A., 1954
 Physics "for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current"[12]
1979 Weinberg, StevenSteven Weinberg

Co-recipient with Abdus Salam and Sheldon Glashow

 1954, B.A.B.A. 1954
 Physics "for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current"[12]
1981 Hoffmann, RoaldRoald Hoffmann

Co-recipient with Kenichi Fukui

 1965–Present, Professor of Chemistry,Professor of Chemistry, 1965–Present
 Chemistry "for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions"[13]
1982 Wilson, Kenneth G.Kenneth G. Wilson
 1963-1988, Professor of Physics,Professor of Physics, 1963-1988 Physics
1983 McClintock, BarbaraBarbara McClintock
 1923, B.S.,B.S., 1923
M.A., 1925
Ph.D., 1927
Instructor in botany, 1927-1931
Andrew D. White Professor-at-Large, 1965-1974		 Physiology or Medicine "for her discovery of mobile genetic elements"[14]
1983 Taube, HenryHenry Taube
 1944–1946, Assistant Professor of Chemistry, Assistant Professor of Chemistry, 1944–1946 Chemistry for "his work in the mechanisms of electron-transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes."[15]
1986 Soyinka, WoleWole Soyinka
 Literature
1990 Paz, OctavioOctavio Paz
 Literature
1991 Gennes, Pierre-Gilles dePierre-Gilles de Gennes
 Served on the Cornell faculty as 1977–1983, A.D. White Professor-at-LargeA.D. White Professor-at-Large 1977–1983 and Bethe Lecturer in Physics 1989–1990 Physics
1991 Ernst, Richard R.Richard R. Ernst
 Chemistry
1993 Morrison, ToniToni Morrison
 1955 - English, M.A.M.A. 1955 - English

A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1997-2003

 Literature "who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality"[16]
1993 Fogel, RobertRobert Fogel
 1948, B.A.,B.A., 1948
 Economics "for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change"[17]
1996 Lee, David M.David M. Lee

Co-recipient with Douglas D. Osheroff and Robert C. Richardson

 1959–2009, Professor of Physics,Professor of Physics, 1959–2009
 Physics "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"[18]
1996 Osheroff, Douglas D.Douglas D. Osheroff

Co-recipient with David Morris Lee and Robert Coleman Richardson

 1971 - Physics, M.S.M.S. 1971 - Physics

Ph.D. 1973 - Physics

 Physics "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"[18]
1996 Richardson, Robert ColemanRobert Coleman Richardson

Co-recipient with Douglas D. Osheroff and David M. Lee

 1966–1967, Research Associate,Research Associate, 1966–1967

Professor of Physics, 1968–Present

 Physics "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"[18]
1998 Furchgott, Robert F.Robert F. Furchgott
 Physiology or Medicine
1998 Sen, AmartyaAmartya Sen
 Economics
2000 Greengard, PaulPaul Greengard
 Physiology or Medicine
2003 Engle, Robert F.Robert F. Engle
 1966, M.S.,M.S., 1966

Ph.D., 1969

 Economics "for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH)"[17]
2009 Szostak, Jack W.Jack W. Szostak

Co-recipient with Elizabeth H. Blackburn and Carol W. Greider

 1977 - Biochemistry, Ph.D.Ph.D. 1977 - Biochemistry
 Physiology or Medicine "for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase"[19]

References

General
Specific
  1. ^ "Alfred Nobel – The Man Behind the Nobel Prize". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/alfred_nobel/. Retrieved 2008-10-18. 
  2. ^ a b "The Nobel Prize". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/. Retrieved 2008-10-18. 
  3. ^ "The Nobel Prize Awarders". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/prize_awarders/. Retrieved 2008-10-18. 
  4. ^ "The Nobel Prize Amounts". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-07-31. http://web.archive.org/web/20080731233358/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/amounts.html. Retrieved 2008-10-18. 
  5. ^ "The Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. http://web.archive.org/web/20080822184717/http://nobelprize.org/award_ceremonies/. Retrieved 2008-10-18. 
  6. ^ a b "Nobel Laureates Affiliated with Cornell University". Cornell University. http://www.news.cornell.edu/campus/Nobel_Laureates_at_CUk1.shtml. Retrieved 2011-03-18. 
  7. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1938". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1938/index.html. Retrieved 2009-03-17. 
  8. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1944/index.html. Retrieved 2009-10-17. 
  9. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Peace 1946". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1946/index.html. Retrieved 2009-03-17. 
  10. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958". Nobel Foundation. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1958/. Retrieved 2011-11-05. 
  11. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968". Nobel Foundation. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1968/. Retrieved 2011-11-05. 
  12. ^ a b "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1979". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/index.html. Retrieved 2009-03-17. 
  13. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1981/index.html. Retrieved 2009-05-15. 
  14. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1983". Nobel Foundation. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1983/mcclintock.html. Retrieved 2011-11-05. 
  15. ^ "Press Release: The 1983 Nobel Prize in Chemistry". NobelPrize.org The Official Website of the Nobel Prize. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1983/press.html. Retrieved 2010-08-30. 
  16. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1993". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1993/index.html. Retrieved 2009-03-17. 
  17. ^ a b "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1993". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1993/index.html. Retrieved 2009-03-17. 
  18. ^ a b c "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1996/index.html. Retrieved 2009-05-15. 
  19. ^ "Medicine 2009". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2009/. Retrieved 2009-10-05. 

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